Ayaz Haider Khan
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, university of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
*Corresponding author: mrayazhaiderkhan@gmail.com
Rhizosphere microbiome is an important factor in determining the health of plants, and it affects nutrient cycling, plant resilience to the stress, and stability of the soil ecosystem. Native microbial community is a solution to climate-resilient agriculture, which is a sustainable way of ensuring the world can manage its food security as it endures the strain of climate change and land degradation. The review summarizes the information present in the literature on assembly of rhizo-sphere micro-biome specifically with regard to how interactions between plant genetics, root exudates, the properties of the soil (such as physicochemical processes that occur) and the interactions between the microbes in the assembly influence each other. We discuss the Biodiversity-Ecosystem Functioning (BEF) paradigm through which the focus is given to how the diversity of microorganisms implies that more functional redundancy, niche complementarity and positive interactions are achieved as to maximize the growth of plants, and the ability to resist stresses. It also speaks about the possibilities of novel microbiome engineering strategies including synthetic microbial consortia and systems of selection and management of microbial communities in agriculture as they may be used to optimize indigenous microbial communities. We also remark on the microbiome regarding one of the potential fixes in climate-imposed contrasted stresses (e.g., abiotic drought, tunneling salinity), soil pollution, and an impossibility of scalability, environmental predictability, regulation. Finally, we end up with some future directions, that involve some multi-omics introduction, machine learning to design microbiome as a possibility, and testing subsequent to the field which will render the asset a real world practice. The hope of transformation in seeking rhizosphere croplands through microbiome engineering is highlighted in this contribution that confronts the basic ecology and agricultural innovation amid a changing climatic pattern.