Samia sarfraz1, Saira Rehman2, Aamna Shah3, Amna Iqbal4, Muhammad Ubaid Ullah Younis5, Shakeel Sabir6 and Ayesha Waris7
1Institute University of Northampton, United Kingdom. 2Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lahore University of Biological and Applied Sciences, Pakistan. 3Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Sargodha Campus, Pakistan. 4Department of Zoology, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore 54600, Punjab, Pakistan. 5Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan. 6Department of Higher Education, Government of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. 7Department of Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, The University of Faisalabad, Pakistan.
*Corresponding author: samiasarfraz88@gmail.com
The current study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) leaf ethanolic extract against poultry-related multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections. E. coli, S. gallinarum, S. pullorum, and Pasteurella multocida MDR isolates were also defined and tested for their antibiotic resistance. The Soxhlet technique was used to prepare an Ethanolic Tulsi leaf extract and investigate its antibacterial activity to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The results demonstrated that antibacterial activity depends on concentration. The extract exhibited the best inhibition against P. multocida (MIC 25 mg/mL, MBC 50 mg/mL), then S. gallinarum and S. pullorum (MIC 50 mg/mL, MBC 100mg/ mL), and E. coli (MIC 100mg/ mL, MBC 112.5mg/ mL). These results suggest that Tulsi extract has strong bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties on MDR poultry pathogens. Its phytoconstituents that destroy bacterial membranes and prevent protein synthesis are attributed to the observed activity of eugenol, ursolic acid, and rosmarinic acid. The research explains the use of O. sanctum as a natural and environmentally friendly antibacterial compound in the health management of poultry as a viable means of fighting antimicrobial resistance.